GOOD MORNING.

THE LEAD

The biggest inflation concern on Wall Street this week was a number from the government's wholesale price report, and iit came in much better than almost anyone expected.

The Producer Price Index, or PPI, measures what businesses pay for goods and services before prices reach consumers. Economists polled by Dow Jones had braced for a 1.1% monthly increase in March, reflecting the energy shock caused by the ongoing U.S.-Iran conflict and the disruption of the Strait of Hormuz. Instead, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the PPI rose just 0.5% for the month. More importantly, the core reading, which strips out volatile food and energy costs, rose only 0.1% against a forecast of 0.5%. The services side of the economy, a category closely watched by the Federal Reserve, was flat for the entire month.

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Here is why that matters to you directly. Since fighting broke out in the Middle East in late February, oil prices had climbed from roughly $59 a barrel to as high as $117, as the Strait of Hormuz, which carries about 20% of the world's oil supply, became restricted by the conflict. Higher energy costs filter into almost everything else: trucking, manufacturing, food packaging, utilities. Investors feared that March's price data would show those costs spreading rapidly through the economy.

They did not, at least not yet. Gasoline prices at the wholesale level rose 15.7% in March, and diesel fuel advanced sharply. But outside of energy, businesses largely held the line on prices. That is encouraging because it suggests the energy shock, while painful, had not yet triggered a broader wave of inflation.

There is still reason for caution. On an annual basis, wholesale prices are now up 4.0% compared to a year ago, the largest 12-month increase since early 2023. That is a real number with real consequences for fixed-income retirees watching their purchasing power. And peace talks between the U.S. and Iran, which failed to produce a deal over the weekend in Pakistan, are still unresolved. A second round of talks is reportedly being arranged, and today oil prices fell sharply on that hope, closing near $91 a barrel.

The practical takeaway: this morning's report gave markets room to breathe. If oil prices continue to retreat as the conflict edges toward resolution, the path of annual inflation may improve meaningfully in the months ahead. Until then, energy remains the wild card in every price report, and that means keeping a close eye on how the Middle East situation develops over the coming weeks.

THE NUMBER THAT MATTERS

4.0%

Increase in Wholesale Prices

That is how much wholesale prices rose over the 12 months ending in March, the largest annual increase since February 2023. This matters because the PPI is a forward-looking signal. What businesses pay today tends to filter into what consumers pay in the months ahead. The good news is that the monthly reading came in well below expectations, and the services sector, which includes everything from healthcare to transportation to haircuts, was flat in March. That is an encouraging sign that the energy shock from the Iran conflict has not yet spread into the broader economy. The concern is that if the Strait of Hormuz remains disrupted and oil prices climb again, those annual figures could accelerate further. Retirees living on fixed income have the least ability to absorb a sustained run-up in costs, which is why watching both the monthly trend and the yearly comparison is so important right now.

WHAT WE’RE WATCHING THIS WEEK
INFLATION DATA

BANKING: JPMorgan Beats Earnings but Quietly Cuts Its Interest Income Outlook

JPMorgan Chase reported strong first-quarter results Tuesday, earning $5.94 per share against an estimate of $5.45, with revenue rising 10% to $50.5 billion. Trading revenue hit a record $11.6 billion as volatility in global markets drove heavy activity. However, the bank's stock slipped after management trimmed its full-year forecast for net interest income, a key measure of how much the bank earns on loans, from $104.5 billion down to $103 billion. Net interest income is essentially the spread between what banks earn on loans and what they pay depositors. When that number gets trimmed, it can signal a gradual easing of income for bank-stock investors who own shares for dividends. Wells Fargo's results were mixed, with earnings slightly topping estimates but revenue falling short. Bank of America and Morgan Stanley report Wednesday.

SMART MONEY SIGNAL

ENERGY & GEOPOLITICS: Oil Falls on Fresh Hope for Iran Peace Talks

West Texas Intermediate crude oil declined nearly 8% on Tuesday, its largest single-day drop in weeks, after reports emerged that Pakistan is working to arrange a second round of U.S.-Iran negotiations before the current two-week truce expires. President Trump confirmed Iran had reached out to Washington, and Iranian President Pezeshkian expressed willingness to resume talks. Oil peaked above $117 a barrel in mid-March when the Strait of Hormuz was most severely restricted. It has since pulled back meaningfully. For retirees, lower oil prices are good news on two fronts: they reduce inflation pressure at the gas pump and in the grocery store, and they tend to ease pressure on the Federal Reserve to keep interest rates elevated.

WORTH KNOWING

FEDERAL RESERVE: Fed Chair Nominee Kevin Warsh Files Financial Disclosures

Kevin Warsh, tapped by President Trump to replace Fed Chair Jerome Powell, filed financial disclosures ahead of his Senate confirmation hearing. Warsh, a former Fed governor who served during the 2008 financial crisis, is widely seen as likely to maintain a cautious stance on interest rate cuts. Markets are currently pricing in only modest rate relief in 2026, with just a 30% probability of even one cut by December. That matters to retirees who are watching CD and savings rates, which remain tied closely to the Fed's policy direction. Higher rates have been a genuine benefit for savers over the past two years, and any signal from Warsh about his approach to inflation will be closely watched when his confirmation hearings begin.

Today brought some genuinely welcome news on inflation, with wholesale prices rising far less than feared despite the ongoing energy shock from the Middle East conflict. Markets advanced, oil fell, and Treasury yields eased. The broader inflation picture still carries real risk, and the annual pace of price increases remains the highest since 2023, but the door to improvement is open if the Iran situation moves toward lasting resolution.